Below are some selected links to research indexed using the keyword “Acemannan”. The search for this information has been conducted mainly in the Library Of Medicine of the United States search engine, PubMed.
1-Odontology. 2015 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print]
Songsiripradubboon S1, Banlunara W, Sangvanich P, Trairatvorakul C, Thunyakitpisal P.
Abstract
Acemannan has been previously reported as a direct pulp-capping agent in animal study. This natural material demonstrated its biocompatibility and enhanced reparative dentin formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the action of acemannan as a direct pulp-capping material in human primary teeth with deep caries. Forty-two deeply carious mandibular primary molars from 37 children, aged 7-11 years old diagnosed with reversible pulpitis were studied. After completely removing the infected dentine, teeth with a pinpoint pulpal exposure were randomly divided into two treatment groups: acemannan or calcium hydroxide. A glass-ionomer cement base was applied to all teeth prior to restoration with stainless steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed 6 months post-treatment. The teeth due to exfoliate were extracted and histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, dentine bridge formation, and soft tissue organization. At 6 months, the overall clinical and radiographic success rates of direct pulp capping with acemannan and calcium hydroxide at 6 months were 72.73 and 70.0 %, respectively. The histopathological results indicated that the acemannan-treated group had significantly better histopathological responses compared with the calcium hydroxide-treated group (p < 0.05). These data suggest acemannan offers a valuable alternative biomaterial for vital pulp therapy in primary teeth.
2-J Dermatol Sci. 2015 Aug;79(2):101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.03.016. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Acemannan accelerates cell proliferation and skin wound healing through AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Xing W1, Guo W1, Zou CH1, Fu TT1, Li XY1, Zhu M1, Qi JH1, Song J1, Dong CH1, Li Z1, Xiao Y1, Yuan PS1, Huang H2, Xu X3.
1State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
2State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China. Electronic address: honghcq@hotmail.com.
3State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China. Electronic address: Xiangxu@ymail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Acemannan is a bioactive polysaccharides promoting tissue repair. However, the roles of acemannan in skin wound healing and the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear.
OBJECTIVE:
The goal of this study is to investigate the positive role of acemannan in cutaneous wound healing and its mechanism.
METHODS:
Mouse skin wound model and skin primary fibroblasts were used to demonstrate the positive effect of acemannan on cutaneous wound healing. The expressions of cell proliferation nuclear antigen ki-67, cyclin D1 and activity of AKT/mTOR signaling were analyzed in acemannan-treated fibroblasts and mice. Rapamycin and AKT inhibitor VIII were used to determine the key role of AKT/mTOR signaling in acemannan-promoting cutaneous wound healing.
RESULTS:
We found that acemannan significantly accelerated skin wound closure and cell proliferation. Acemannan promoted the expression of cyclin D1 in cultured fibroblasts, which was mediated by AKT/mTOR signal pathway leading to enhanced activity of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor-4F (eIF4F) and increased translation of cyclin D1. In contrast, pharmaceutical blockade of AKT/mTOR signaling by mTOR inhibitor rapamycin or AKT inhibitor VIII abolished acemannan-induced cyclin D1 translation and cell proliferation. In vivo studies confirmed that the activation of AKT/mTOR by acemannan played a key role in wound healing, which could be reversed by rapamycin.
CONCLUSION:
Acemannan promoted skin wound healing partly through activating AKT/mTOR-mediated protein translation mechanism, which may represent an alternative therapy approach for cutaneous wound.
Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
3-Food Funct. 2015 Feb;6(2):525-31. doi: 10.1039/c4fo00857j.
Gullón B1, Gullón P, Tavaria F, Alonso JL, Pintado M.
1Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina – Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Doutor António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-72, Porto, Portugal. mpintado@porto.ucp.pt.
Abstract
Aloe vera mucilage is reported to be rich in acemannan that is a polysaccharide with a backbone of β-(1→4)-D-mannose residues acetylated at the C-2 and C-3 positions and contains some side chains of galactose and arabinose attached to the C-6 carbon. The evaluation of the prebiotic potential of Aloe vera mucilage was carried out by in vitro fermentation using intestinal microbiota from six healthy donors as the inoculum. The prebiotic activity was assessed through the quantification of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and the evaluation of dynamic bacterial population in mixed faecal cultures by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our findings support the possible incorporation of the Aloe vera mucilage in the development of a variety of food products known as prebiotics aimed at improving gastrointestinal health.
4-Nat Prod Commun. 2014 Aug;9(8):1217-21.
Acemannan, an extracted polysaccharide from Aloe vera: A literature review.
Sierra-García GD, Castro-Ríos R, González-Horta A, Lara-Arias J, Chávez-Montes A.
Abstract
In this review, the composition, actions, and clinical applications of acemannan in medicine and its effectiveness as an adjunct in the treatment of diseases are presented. An electronic literature search was performed up to January 2014 for studies and research presenting data to validate the efficacy of acemannan. A total of 50 titles, abstracts and full-text studies were selected and reviewed. Acemannan has various medicinal properties like osteogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial, which accelerate healing of lesions. Also, acemannan is known to have antiviral and antitumor activities in vivo through activation of immune responses. It was concluded that Aloe vera has immense potential as a therapeutic agent. Even though the plant is a promising herb with various clinical applications in medicine and dentistry, more clinical research needs to be undertaken to validate and explain the action of acemannan in healing, so that it can be established in the field of medicine and a more precise understanding of the biological activities of these is required to develop Aloe vera as a pharmaceutical source.
5-J Periodontal Res. 2014 Apr;49(2):164-78. doi: 10.1111/jre.12090. Epub 2013 May 28.
Chantarawaratit P1, Sangvanich P, Banlunara W, Soontornvipart K, Thunyakitpisal P.
1Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Biomaterials Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Periodontal disease is a common infectious disease, found worldwide, causing the destruction of the periodontium. The periodontium is a complex structure composed of both soft and hard tissues, thus an agent applied to regenerate the periodontium must be able to stimulate periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone regeneration. Recent studies demonstrated that acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera gel, stimulated both soft and hard tissue healing. This study investigated effect of acemannan as a bioactive molecule and scaffold for periodontal tissue regeneration.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Primary human periodontal ligament cells were treated with acemannan in vitro. New DNA synthesis, expression of growth/differentiation factor 5 and runt-related transcription factor 2, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein-2 and type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralized nodule formation were determined using [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, biochemical assay and alizarin red staining, respectively. In our in vivo study, premolar class II furcation defects were made in four mongrel dogs. Acemannan sponges were applied into the defects. Untreated defects were used as a negative control group. The amount of new bone, cementum and periodontal ligament formation were evaluated 30 and 60 d after the operation.
RESULTS:
Acemannan significantly increased periodontal ligament cell proliferation, upregulation of growth/differentiation factor 5, runt-related transcription factor 2, vascular endothelial growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein 2, type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineral deposition as compared with the untreated control group in vitro. Moreover, acemannan significantly accelerated new alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament formation in class II furcation defects.
CONCLUSION:
Our data suggest that acemannan could be a candidate biomolecule for periodontal tissue regeneration.
© 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
6-Planta Med. 2012 Jun;78(9):843-52. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1298453. Epub 2012 Apr 19.
Anticancer potential of aloes: antioxidant, antiproliferative, and immunostimulatory attributes.
Harlev E1, Nevo E, Lansky EP, Ofir R, Bishayee A.
1Institute of Evolution and International Graduate Center of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel. elih@research.haifa.ac.il
Abstract
Aloe is a genus of medicinal plants with a notable history of medical use. Basic research over the past couple of decades has begun to reveal the extent of Aloe’s pharmaceutical potential, particularly against neoplastic disease. This review looks at Aloe, both the genus and the folk medicine, often being called informally “aloes”, and delineates their chemistry and anticancer pharmacognosy. Structures of key compounds are provided, and their pharmacological activities reviewed. Particular attention is given to their free radical scavenging, antiproliferative, and immunostimulatory properties. This review highlights major research directions on aloes, reflecting the enormous potential of natural sources, and of the genus Aloe in particular, in preventing and treating cancer.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.
7-Arch Pharm Res. 2010 Mar;33(3):451-6. doi: 10.1007/s12272-010-0315-1. Epub 2010 Mar 30.
In vivo evidence of the immunomodulatory activity of orally administered Aloe vera gel.
Im SA1, Lee YR, Lee YH, Lee MK, Park YI, Lee S, Kim K, Lee CK.
1College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, Korea.
The gels of Aloe species contain immunomodulatory components such as aloctin A and acemannan. Most studies on these gels were performed in in vitro cell culture systems. Although several studies examined their immunomodulatory activity in vivo, the route of administration was intraperitoneal or intramuscular. Here, we evaluated the in vivo immunomodulatory activity of processed Aloe vera gel (PAG) in mice. Oral administration of PAG significantly reduced the growth of C. albicans in the spleen and kidney following intravenous injection of C. albicans in normal mice. PAG administration also reduced the growth of C. albicans in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. PAG administration did not increase ovalbumin (OVA)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) generation in normal mice, but did increase it in high-fat-diet induced diabetic mice. These findings provide the first clear evidence for the immunomodulatory activity of orally administered Aloe vera gel.
8-Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Apr;50(4):305-26. doi: 10.1080/10408390802544454.
Aloe vera as a functional ingredient in foods.
Rodríguez Rodríguez E1, Darias Martín J, Díaz Romero C.
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Abstract
The main scientific discoveries on Aloe vera published mainly in the last three decades are presented in this work. After describing Aloe from a botanical point of view, the papers related with the chemical composition of different parts of the leaf of Aloe, particularly those in which the gel is described and are presented in a synthetic manner. The chemical analyses reveal that Aloe gel contains mannose polymers with some glucose and other sugars, among which the most important is Acemannan. Besides these, other components such as glycoproteins, enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals are described. Different factors also affecting the chemical composition of the gel, such as species and variety, climatic and soil conditions, cultivation methods, processing and preservation, are enumerated and discussed. On the other hand, the main therapeutic applications have been revised and the possible damaging effects of Aloe are also commented upon. A special emphasis is placed on the biologically active compounds or groups of compounds responsible for the therapeutic applications and which are their action mechanisms. The paper concludes that more research is needed to confirm the therapeutic and beneficial effects and to definitively clarify the myth surrounding Aloe vera. A general view on the problem of the commercialization and establishment of the quality and safety of Aloe products in the food industry has been offered here. The main points and European regulations that need to be considered regarding the quality control of prepared Aloe products are presented in this paper.